Suffixes and silent e

Suffix beginning with vowel

When: Suffix beginning with vowel added to a word
^[1]Do: Remove the e.

Word	After adding suffix
Cope	Coping
Love	Loving
Secure	Security
Create	Creator

ment suffix

BrE vs AmE Spelling differences

American English	British English
Judge - Judgment	Judge - Judgement

Keeping silent-e when removing it makes soft c and g hard when suffix does not start with e, i, y

Silent e making C and G soft when after it

Silent e keeps the C and G soft.
If additional suffix started with e, i, y - It would have kept the c and g soft so we could remove the e.
In absence of e-i-y at the beginning of the suffix, the removal of silent e would cause the c and g to become hard.
Hence we do not remove silent-e when it is preceeded by C and G; and the suffix does not starts with e-i-y

If dropping the e would change a soft c (/s/) into a hard c (/k/), or a soft g (/dʒ/) into a hard g (/ɡ/), then keep the silent e.

Base Word	Suffix	Result	Keep Silent e?	Reason
change	-able	changeable	✅ Yes	Prevents g from becoming hard before a.
outrage	-ous	outrageous	✅ Yes	Prevents g from becoming hard before o.
courage	-ous	courageous	✅ Yes	Keeps g = /dʒ/.
notice	-ing	noticing	❌ No	ci already makes c soft.
manage	-ing	managing	❌ No	gi already makes g soft.
trace	-able	traceable	✅ Yes	Prevents c from becoming /k/ before a.
peace	-able	peaceable	✅ Yes	Keeps c = /s/.

Inconsistently applied, like in the case of change - where it becomes changeable. ↩︎